Tehran Rugs

Tehran

AqaMohammadKhan Qajar, the founder of Qajar era that has come to power after bloody events of Kerman in 1756, decided to choose a new capital for his dynasty and he chose Tehran that was a village around an important and saint city of Rey that today it is considered as the official, political and commercial main center of the country too. Tehran is a wide city located in 1132 meter of the south domain of Alborz mountains and has millions of people came from other parts of Iran to Tehran and most of them were active in rug weaving. Finding an especial artistic method in woven rugs in first decades of nineteenth century is hard. Actually, each weaver had used the method and common design among their nation in rug texture so through the Tehran rugs, designs of Kerman, Isfahan, Kashan and Tabriz rugs is also seen that each one is woven according to common properties in that area. In next years, in Tehran rugs, one dedicated method were used that seems it’s a combination of common methods in aforementioned main centers and totally were template of classical Iranian decorating custom. Bu using this method and through the huge productions happened, in year 1936, rug company was established that the main branch were located in Tehran and managed the rug production of allover of Iran and had under control and this company, distributed plans for texture between weavers. Tehran rugs were woven in different sizes. Generally these rugs, have flowering design and flexuous designs and are complicated and mostly have bergamot and corner or prayer rugs were woven that had realistic designs of trees that is drawn inside a sanctuary. Also, among the urban products illustrated rugs are seen lately. The color spectrum used in Tehran rugs is so rich; sectional using of designs with delicate and dark color margins cause the curvy looking of the design.

The design was common for border, is using of ShahAbbasi flowers in Herati way that is fame as “Tehran Samavari” ; also there are samples that inscription is woven on the border and poems are seen in inscription. The common designs in small borders, was Madakhel that was mostly used for outer border. Tehran rugs are woven with both kinds of symmetric knot and asymmetric knot and on cotton yarn warps. All of the Tehran rugs are two wefts kind that weft is cotton. The silk weft is stretched and in white color while the limp weft is mostly in cobalt-blue. Used wool is thin with pile and high quality and mostly is fluffy wool. Among the smaller producing centers located around Tehran, Rey can be named that was fame in the past because of silk woven. Rug company in Shemiran and Karaj launched workshops that were doing spinning the fibers and coloring wool. In Tehran market, woven rugs by different nomads clans can be found that are residing at the east of Tehran and in domain of Alborz. These nomads are from different ancestry and they were settled by force of Qajar and Pahlavi kings: These nomads, are Lor, Kurd and Arab and although they are living together, they have saved their original properties and live based on their customs and even talk in their original dialect. Most of them are settled in little village areas, but they go to mountain pastures by the season migration and in spring and autumn, seeing this scene of the nomads and their flock passing today modern ways to achieve to pastures of Alborz mountain is not a weird. In Damavand and Jaban that have the best grounds of this area, groups of Kurds are living that are originally from Qouchan. Koutis that are belong to “ Khamse Arab” and some of the Lor people are living near to Varamin and other Lor people are staying in Jajroud too.